Do note kU can only be transmitted through the black circle with the gray dot in the center on the generator. This is the situation attending the image on the right. The Metal Former needs 10 EU/t while operating. Sorry for my english. Its two main uses are as a material for Scrap Boxes and a Mass Fabricator amplifier. 337. OreDict Name : dustCoal. The maximum output of an unmanned Water Mill is 0. Unmanned: 0. Recipe IC2 experimental Description Crossed out text only applies to Minecraft version 1. One flow did cover the entire urban area and the bay, perhaps 1000 year ago, but this. The liquid lava flowing beneath a thin, still-plastic crust drags and wrinkles it into tapestry-like folds and rolls resembling twisted rope. As the flow continues the side walls also stiffen and a tube is formed. Basalt can form many different types of geological. As the surface of a pāhoehoe lava flow cools, lava tubes can develop and transport lava beneath the flow surface. The Kinetic Generator has 3 distinct sides: a. 0. EU storage. Most machines will accept power from a wire on all 6 sides, but you (usually) only need one input. hot lava flows B. Generator is re-released in IC² and outputted only 1 x 5EU-p per tick. It may take a while for a channel to develop or it may happen. Other lava hardens soon after it bursts from the ground; Kilauea’s lava remains hot enough to ooze forward, setting cars on fire. Every 1 mB of lava consumed produces 10 EU, so that every bucket or cell provides a total of 10,000 EU at a rate of. It is the type of flow most likely to produce lava tubes. It takes a long time to mine, about as long as Obsidian. In this study, we use oblique helicopter-borne thermal images to create high spatial resolution (~1. g. ID Name. 파호이호이 용암(Pahoehoe Lava): 바닐라 용암보다 온도가 낮은 용암. On the other hand, aa will have a smaller coverage area for the same volume of lava erupted with a typical extent of 1-100km 2 notes Martí & Ernst (2005). The Pump is a machine from IndustrialCraft 2 that is used to absorb liquids. Observations of such flows on Earth (e. , 1994: Inflated pahoehoe sheet flows have a distinctive horizontal upper surface, which can be several hundred meters across, and are bounded by steep monoclinal uplifts. 1. The Electric Heat Generator has room for 10 Coils. In thick aa flows, the rubbly surface of loose clinkers and blocks hides a massive, relatively dense interior. Exploration Mode: Party of 4 Note: You can’t respawn after being defeated in exploration mode. into typical pahoehoe lava fl ows and noted the transformation by the increase in vesiculation as well as an increase in the aspect ratio in the flow. Here in Hawai`i, they may endanger property but seldom endanger people's lives. The two recipes for Generator were. It is most similar to the SI derived unit Joule. Both Kilauea and Parashant lavas are basaltic. These flows are "inflated" by the injection of more lava into their still molten interior, resulting in lava flows a few meters (yards) thick. Rolling mode is used to turn ingots into plates and plates into item casings. Volcanoes are one of Earth’s most terrifying—and exhilarating—spectacles. It can store 10 buckets worth of fluids. Pahoehoe will flow over a larger area for the same volume of lava erupted with a typical 1-1000 km 2 coverage due to the insulation and efficient lava distribution downstream via lava tubes. Pahoehoe Lava [/caption] All lava isn’t the same. When used in conjunction with Buildcraft Transport Pipes or RedPower 2 Pneumatic Tubes, any material for the input slot needs to come from the top of. Uses . The first lava flow occurred on Oct. numerous small but deadly pyroclastic flows C. But it was number five – this one – that stole the show. Lava flows can abruptly shift from smooth, ropy pahoehoe to rubbly, jagged aa—changes that might be sparked by the molten rock’s internal churn. This province covers an area of ca. 42. Key wordsLava 7 Cooling 7 Pahoehoe 7 Hawai’i Introduction Pahoehoe lava flows are a major component of basaltic volcanism which, in turn, forms most of the surfaces of the Earth and the other terrestrial planets. IC 2 introduces numerous features across a variety of areas in Minecraft, including resource processing, mining, agriculture and the player's armory itself. Pahoehoe lava flows are characterized by smooth, gently undulating, or broadly hummocky surfaces. 3. IndustrialCraft 2 (IC2) adds a variety of electrically-powered machines to the Minecraft world, bringing Minecraft to the Industrial Age and beyond. A`a lava flows a lot faster than pahoehoe and a`a are typically associated with eruptions that extrude lava rapidly. A Universal Fluid Cell filled with compressed air to be used with the Scuba Helmet and Blast Furnace. Yes (64) EMC Value. Players, mobs, and animals can walk through foam until it fully hardens, but the risk of suffocation or getting stuck in a new wall. While more difficult to build stably, a proper MOX fluid reactor can be much more efficient than an EU reactor, with optimized designs reaching above 40x efficiency. Stage II comprises a c. ). IndustrialCraft 2. The Metal Former is a machine added by IndustrialCraft 2. The Liquid Heat Exchanger generates hU by transferring heat from a liquid which is turned into a different type during the process. 1. 8, there is a 30% chance that a wrenched machine will break, dropping a Basic Machine Casing or Advanced Machine Casing as per the one used to craft the machine. 1 Legacy; 2 Stats; 3 Mechanics; 4 Usage; 5 Note; The Heat Exchanger is an item added by the IndustrialCraft 2 mod. The Semifluid Generator is a machine added in IndustrialCraft 2 Experimental that generates up to 32 EU/t by burning certain semifluids. Lava flows occur worldwide, and throughout history, various cultures (and geologists) have described flows based on their surface textures. Hops are an item added by IndustrialCraft 2, harvested from the Hops Crop. Inflated pahoehoe sheet flows have a distinctive horizontal upper surface, which can be several hundred meters across, and are bounded to steep monoclinal uplifts. The basalt lava flows are typically 1100 to 1200 degrees. It does that no matter if I move around or stand still. Pahoehoe is smooth, a’a is rough, and pillow lava is rounded and only forms under water. Set the Fermenter to eject the Biogas to the Semifluid Generator. Energieeinheiten), oder kurz EU, gemessen. Aa, on the other hand, is stony. The Teleporter is a machine in IndustrialCraft 2 that is used to instantly transport players, animals, and mobs over a distance to another Teleporter. The Crop is shown ingame as four wooden stilts that can only be placed on tilled dirt. Light level of at least 10; Only matures if Lava is below it; Will attack the player if not wearing metal armor and drop Rotten Flesh: Egg Plant Link 6 Chicken, Egg, Edible, Feather, Flower, Addictive Ender Blossom RichardG 10 Ender, Flower, Shiny Ferru IC2 Team 6 Gray, Leaves, Metal Only matures if there is an Iron Ore or Block of Iron below. Eruptions that rapidly. We determine that while the eruption is chemically homogenous (Fe/Mg = 1. Max EU input. This is without the power costs for the Fermenter . industrial-craft. . Type. Supported Liquids. 2. You can plant Wheat, Watermelon, Pumpkin, Reeds, Yellow Flowers, and Roses in the crop block. From Industrial-Craft-Wiki. Pahoehoe lavas are recognized as an important landform on Earth, Mars and Io. (Fluid) • Distilled Water • Hotspring Water • IC2 Coolant • IC2 Hot Coolant • Pahoehoe Lava •. The HV-Transformer is used to turn Extreme Voltage (EV) EU current into High Voltage (HV) and back. Block lava. By Maya Wei-Haas. Cutting mode is used to turn plates into cable and Iron Item Casings into Industrial Credits. Please note that the recipe has changed from 1. <html>. 5) points with a critical hit when turned on. Lava Cells can be made simply by right-clicking on lava whilst holding an Empty Cell. IC2: { { {id}}} The Nuclear Reactor is a generator that produces EU by slowly breaking down Uranium Cells. 4? Edit: I looked at the config and can't find a way to disable it, and trash cans don't void fluids which means I'd have to dump the pahoehoe lava in the world somehow and wait for it to cool, very ineffective and can't think of a way to do that. Kinetic Generator (IndustrialCraft 2) has no known uses in crafting. Hot coolant can then be ejected using the Reactor Fluid Port and piped into a Liquid Heat Exchanger together with a Stirling Generator to generate EU. Pahoehoe is a word in the Hawaiian language, describing the characteristic ropy texture of basalt flows whose physical properties and setting allow them to flow from the. The surface of the flow forms two different types called 'aa' and 'pahoehoe'. Bright yellow is hotter (over 1000 °C) and orange cooler (800…900 °C). It produces Energy Units (EU) from Biogas. It has a liquid form and you can use it only with the Replicator . E2:ES - Pahoehoe lava. No. Pahoehoe Lava's freezing point is actually very high (unlike water), so for simplicity it will always eventually cool into Basalt. Electrolyzer. To create Steel with the Blast Furnace, input a source of Iron, such as Iron Ingots, Iron Ore, or Iron Dust, and also 6 Compressed Air Cells. Players are able to break the foam easily before it hardens, but broken foam cannot be harvested. Generator is re-released in IC² and outputted only 1 x 5EU-p per tick. • Distilled Water • Hotspring Water • IC2 Coolant • IC2 Hot Coolant • Pahoehoe Lava •. The Electric Furnace also operates on EU instead of on burning Fuel. Rainier below, which of the following volcanic hazards has the furthest reaching effects. Biogas can be obtained by fermenting Biomass in a Fermenter. Nuclear reactors can be a small as a single block and scale up to a 5x5x5 structure for Fluid Reactors. We describe and discuss the importance of pahoehoe flows from the central area of Paraná Continental Flood Basalts (PCFB). Solution I took for this problem: So i've set up a stirling generator that outputs into a liquid heat exchanger that makes the pahoehoe lava for the Basalt for the Inscriber from IC2, but when the buffer of the stirling generator fills up it becomes really slow, any way around this? Also an electric heater doesnt seem to work with the exchanger The Liquid Heat Exchanger is a machine added by the IndustrialCraft 2 mod. One potential observable proxy for eruption rates is flood basalt lava-flow lobe thicknesses, a topic that we tackle here quantitatively. dome collapse that forms volcanic breccia. 5 times as resistant to explosions than normal Stone. ),. Pahoehoe is the most common type of lava flow found at Craters of the Moon. Hot Coolant is a type of fluid that is made in nuclear reactors in heat mode when they are active. It is used to create Steel and Slag. 0. Pahoehoe (the word is Hawaiian for ropy) lava is the term for cooling textures of a highly fluid, gas-charged lava flows and was introduced as a technical term by Clarance Dutton, 1883. It keeps climbing, then dropping, then climbing to a higher number, then dropping. The Gregtech Large Heat Exchanger takes lava or IC2 hot coolant and distilled water and converts it into either steam or superheated steam depending on the amount and type of fluid supplied. Mar 10th 2015 #4; Not hardening at all in the nether could be pretty cool. Quote; Requia. Lava: Vanilla: 120 IC2 Hot Coolant: IndustrialCraft 2: 40 Pahoehoe Lava: IndustrialCraft 2: 80 Blazing Pyrotheum: Thermal Foundation:Pump (IndustrialCraft 2) The Pump is a machine that allows you to move or transport liquids ( Lava, Oil, and Water ). Sie dreht sich um Automatisierung und Modernisierung vieler Aspekte des Spiels. Stop #2AID. 詳しい説明は CraftTweaker Wiki MineTweaker Wiki 参照。. All have a silica content under 45%. IC2: { { {id}}} The Pump is a tier 1 machine capable of pumping liquids into an Universal Fluid Cell . Only in the past few years has an understanding of the inflation process and the ability to recognize ancient inflated lava flows been. Time: 24 hours. 29 km 3. Right-click with the battery in hand will recharge energy tools instantly. May 12, 2023. 3. known by the Hawaiian names pahoehoe and aa (or a’a). It can supply IC2 machines with Energy Units (EU) or charge tools and batteries in its GUI. Note that the surface skin is only a few cm thick. More in David S. Surface morphology (pāhoehoe or ‘a’ā) is controlled by viscosity and the rate of shear strain (Peterson and Tilling 1980). Hawaiian term. Each toe is usually <30 cm thick, 1-2 m long, and 30-50 cm wide. Maybe this function is already in IC2 in newer versions, but I play in 1. This page is about the Canning Machine added by IndustrialCraft 2. Some items, like the Empty Cell, can also only be made using the Metal Former as of Minecraft 1. Personal Safes are the best to use with the Trade-O-Mat because anyone attempting to open them can't steal your stock (which is possible with the default chest). Explored Floors: 10The Jetpack is a chest armor added by IndustrialCraft 2. They can be used to fill Fuel Cans or Jetpacks or be burnt in the Generator for Energy Units (EU). It offers machines that can double ore output and generate power, as well as nuclear power and quantum armor. It mostly stops 5-10 km from Hilo. Dull red colors indicates a temperature in the range of 600…700 °C. The recipes of the Generator were changed (to the current one) and the output of the Generator was buffed from 1 x 5 EU-p per tick to 1 x 10 EU-p per tick. Lava. C. One of the first to be published was likely the nine-class, Italian-language description. We examine the morphology and chemistry of the Vikrahraun basaltic eruption emplaced at Askja Volcano, Iceland, from Oct. The lava flows also spread out creating broad areas covered by large tumuli, which are hill- or plateau-shaped pahoehoe features that crack and bulge upward as the flow thickens. 0 1. Hot coolant can then be ejected using the Reactor Fluid Port and piped into a Liquid Heat Exchanger together. Die Modifikation wird vom IndustrailCraft 2. The Advanced Miner is able to scan and mine ores, gems and other blocks below itself. IC2:itemRecipePart:2. , 1978,. A lava flow field formed during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park. Exploring Inflated Pahohoe Lava Flow Morphologies and the Effects of Cooling Using a New Simulation Approach Pahoehoe lavas are recognized as an important landform on Earth, Mars and Io. IC2: { { {id}}} The Nuclear Reactor is a generator that produces EU by slowly breaking down Uranium Cells. Unlike the. Biomass • Biogas • Distilled Water • Coolant • Hot Coolant • Pahoehoe Lava •. Credits. Usage []. Each terrace has a relatively level pahoehoe surface and a scarp composed of pahoehoe and aa. Pahoehoe Lava is a fluid; a type of lava-flow characterized by the smooth, billowy surface. The Wind Turbine is a machine added by IndustrialCraft 2 and is used to produce Energy Units (EU) through wind energy. From Industrial-Craft-Wiki. At tem- peratures of 1176 and 1169 °C, with crystal fractions of 0. Lava is the red hot molten rocks or magma that is expelled out of an erupting volcano. New Item/Block of IndustrialCraft². The Geothermal Generator produces EU by consuming lava, which may be supplied by buckets, Universal Fluid Cells (or consumable Lava Cells in older versions), or directly from an adjacent block such as a Pump or Fluid Distributor. Full fluid containers will be inserted on the left top. Type. When wearing the full Hazmat set, the player is protected from most environmental damage (radiation, fire, fall damage. It is generally used to shield Nuclear Reactors to avoid large-scale destruction in case of an explosion. The solid crust breaks up as the deeper molten lava continues to move, forming aa lava with a jagged, rubbled, broken surface. The Miner will consume the pipes to dig down extracting ore it finds in its scan range. 8 km (1. ) 1 large black circle with no markings, and c. Fluid UU-Matter is created in the Mass Fabricator. Chestplate ·. The Replicator is a machine from IndustrialCraft 2 Experimental which uses UU-Matter (Fluid) generated by the Mass Fabricator to create items. (Pahoehoe Lava) 液体熱交換機で溶岩を冷やすと作成される。触れると燃える。時間経過でブロックになり農薬散布機で水の代わりにもなる. It will only deal 4 () points of damage if it is turned off. Currently it has no other uses besides crafting. Each toe is usually <30 cm thick, 1-2 m long,. To start the process, the Blast Furnace needs an input of Heat through the orange square on the side of the block. Used to make Basalt. The. . Pahoehoe Lava · Steam ·. Indestructability state can be ignored by other mods. Not quite there yet. The conversion rate is 4 kU to 1 EU. Type : Item Stackable : Yes (64) The Steel Ingot is an item added by the IndustrialCraft 2 mod. Energy. It is a type of lava. Pahoehoe lava flows are generally basaltic in composition and have a smooth, ropy texture whereas Aa lava flows are also generally basaltic in composition and have a jagged, angular, blocky texture. Lava flow hazard has been covered in many texts, the main ones being collated in Table 2. Aa lava erupts from stratovolcanoes; pahoehoe erupts from shield volcanoes. Pahoehoe Lava doesn't dry automatically, you need to use a cold fluid like coolant (or water, but coolant is more fun). The Metal Former is a machine from IndustrialCraft 2 Experimental used to make Plates, Item Casings and Wires more efficiently and without requiring an additional tool. Pahoehoe lava flows are characterized by ropy, billowy, bulbous textures, whether on the surface or on the floor of a cave. Mod. We present the evolution over 3 months of a 2016-2017 pāhoehoe flow at Kīlauea as it changed from a narrow sheet flow into a compound lava field fed by a stable system of tubes. The inflated sheet flows studied ranged from 1 to 5 m in thickness, but initially propagated as thin sheets of fluid pahoehoe lava, generally 20-30 cm thick. All blocks destroyed by the Laser are dropped, with the exception of non-drop blocks like Glass or Leaves. IndustrialCraft 2. Most lava flow is mafic or basaltic. It is made by the IndustrialCraft 2 Dev Team. A nuclear reactor is a multiblock structure that is used to generate power for the IndustrialCraft 2 mod. It can also develop a wrinkled texture, called ropy lava, as shown in Figure 11. To use the Miner, insert a Drill Bit into the top-left, a Scanner in the bottom-left and Mining Pipes into the middle-left. The Electric Kinetic Generator itself does not transform energy: add Electric Motors to the generator interface to do so. This picture shows a fissure in pahoehoe lava, and illustrates a feature called "vesicle stratigraphy". The lava has not drained away from under the skin but rather within a rapidly quenched outer skin, an initially foam-like mixture of. 2 EU/t. Aa lava is made up of cinders; pahoehoe lava is formed from volcanic bombs. Huh, I've been looking for a way to turn my lava into EU and this looks to be it. so viel wie Industrielles Handwerk) ist eine Modifikation, die viele elektrische Maschinen, Blöcke und Gegenstände hinzufügt. Flow mapping and physical volcanology of 15 basaltic lavas exposed in three critical road pass sections (ghats) in the Koyna-Warna region of the western Deccan Traps is presented in this paper. The Electric Furnace is a machine in IndustrialCraft 2 that functions as an faster version of the Iron Furnace. Keep in mind that there is a Large Turbine for regular. It will only suck up liquids that are directly below it. The Metal Former has 3 modes, toggled by clicking the button underneath the progress bar. The amount of Kinetic Units (kU) which is produced, depends on the wind strength (Minecraft Wind) and the type of rotor, which must be placed in the GUI. It is a byproduct of Refined Iron Ingot making with a Blast Furnance. Only IC2. The first and most obvious difference is that pahoehoe flows are smooth down to a scale of a few mm. Pahoehoe, ropy lava that forms as non-viscous lava, flows gently, forming a skin that gels and then wrinkles because of ongoing flow of the lava below the surface (Figure 4. コマンド /mt hand でitemid入手. Pāhoehoe/Pahoehoe Lava Void A massive hole that appeared with the Black Sun and Ifrit. The Electric Furnace is an improved and more costly version of the Iron Furnace . Set yourself a base up in the nether, power yourself off the. Most lava flow is mafic or basaltic. The EV-Transformer (EV stands for Extreme Voltage) is an block from the IndustrialCraft 2 Experimental mod which allows you to transform the voltage of an EU current from high voltage (2048 EU/t) to extreme voltage (8192 EU/t). Any item fed into the machine will be destroyed; there is a 12. Usage. Throw 8 energy upgrades in it and it will use something like 2 RF/t which means a Mekanism basic energy cube can power it for a very long time. Biomass • Biogas • Distilled Water • Coolant • Hot Coolant • Pahoehoe Lava • Construction. MFSU: 128 EU/t. The Semifluid Generator is a machine added by IndustrialCraft 2. As with all Generators, the lava-based fuel of choice is inserted into the lower slot, and optionally an RE-Battery in the upper slot. net. Figure 4. This adds a distinct advantage over fuel-based Furnaces: the Electric Furnace only uses as much EU as it needs to complete its task. IndustrialCraft 2. Item. Basaltic lava generally takes two distinct forms known by the Hawaiian terms pahoehoe and aa. Pahoehoe lava is a term used by Hawaiian to describe lava flows with a smooth unbroken surface. Emits Light. This HiRISE image shows a classic example of platy-ridged lava. Usage: [ edit] 1. Pahoehoe lava is older than aa lava; that is why it displays more evidence of weathering. This is roughly a 12% increase in energy per operation per upgrade: 0. Nano. Setup []. Pahoehoe flows are emplaced by inflation—the injection of molten lava underneath a solidified crust. • Distilled Water • Hotspring Water • IC2 Coolant • IC2 Hot Coolant • Pahoehoe Lava •. Lava Cells can be used in Geothermal Generators, Generators and Thermal Generators to produce EU. Other articles where pahoehoe is discussed: lava:. Fixed NotEnoughItems compatibility. d. Helmet • Chestplate • Leggings • Boots. A liquid container used to transport and store diverse fluids, such as Water Cells, Lava Cells and Uranium Cells, that can be stacked. The Recycler is a machine in IndustrialCraft 2 that is used to create Scrap from excess materials. It can be removed with use of a wrench with 95% safety; using an Electric Wrench in lossless mode will always remove the block safely. These ropes and coils can give you a hint to the direction the lava flowed. These channels or streams will distribute lava in multiple fingers and resemble an. 90. Pahoehoe Lava's. The wind strength can be measured with the Windmeter, increases with the. 2, a valley near the volcano D. It revolves around automation and modernization of many aspects of the game. Using a Condenser is faster, but requires Steam in order to do so. Every 1 mB of lava consumed produces 10 EU, so that every bucket or cell provides a total of 10,000 EU at. When you see lava flow or walk on old lava. It will also output 512 EU/t through its dotted side, that will cause. Type : Item Stackable : No Contents. It can also use BuildCraft Fuel. Type. Wire Redstone to the Teleporter. MODのアイテムにも一部対応. EU storage. A`a lava flows a lot faster than pahoehoe and a`a are typically associated with eruptions that extrude lava rapidly. In older versions, it can be activated by Redstone, Flint and Steel and other sources. A. IndustrialCraft 2 (IC2) adds a variety of electrically-powered machines to the Minecraft world, bringing Minecraft to the Industrial Age and beyond. Pahoehoe means smooth and unbroken lava, when is cools to rock, it forms a ropey, billowing and smooth texture. Often, a single lava flow. EU use. Output Liquid. Pahoehoe has a smooth wavy surface that resembles twisted rope. It generates Heat Units (hU) by cooling hot liquids. Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. Without their work, modifying Minecraft would be MUCH more complicated and time-consuming. S. 2, a valley near the volcano D. 75 km east from the vents, which here is referred to as the “event 1 aʻa” (Fig. Le strutture pahoehoe sono caratteristiche delle colate dei grandi vulcani hawaiiani, ma si sviluppano in ogni tipo di lava con viscosità sufficientemente bassa. Physical volcanological features are presented for a 710-m-thick section, of the Naude’s Nek Pass, within the lower part of the Lesotho remnant of the Karoo Large Igneous Province. 11. Sinking of rubbly breccia into flow interiors. Kurdî: Lava û keresteya agirî ya pāhoehoe û ʻaʻā ku ji agirpeja Kilauea (Hawaii, DYA) derket ser rûyê erdê. By running on electricity instead of burning fuel, it is able to shut off immediately upon finishing (and thus avoids wasting energy). Even though pahoehoe lavas are hotter, they travel at speeds 10 times slower than a`a. 1, the suburbs of Tacoma. It is an igneous rock; in other words, it takes about 13 times longer to mine and is 1. Max EU output. The IC2 pump is probably available a bit earlier but the Mek pump is much better and can be crafted pretty easily. g. BatBox: 2 EU/t. Posts 486. Make seed oil in the squeezer (put seeds in and turn on the clockwork engine) Make a slime sling and slime boots. Edit: Liquid Heat Exchangers require iridium ore. Tubular, branching forms are dominant (fig. The QuantumSuit Bodyarmor is a type of armor introduced in IC². Rubber is one of the most important IndustrialCraft 2 resources. In just this episode alone, Kilauea’s energy has torn a new, 2. The Pump can be used on its own or be placed next to a Miner to pump water and lava encountered while mining. The first and most obvious difference is that pahoehoe flows are smooth down to a scale of a few mm. In versions prior to 1. I don't know if the Geothermal Generator is disabled in this pack or if it was removed from IC2 itself, but Heat Exchanger + Stirling Generator = Geothermal generator + Pahoehoe lava. The only input is the 5-dotted side of the block, all other sides are outputs. Aa lava (pronounced ah-ah) has a rough, jagged surface due to the gas explosions tearing apart the external crust. Figs.